David C. Scileppi

Subscribe to David C. Scileppi via RSS

Coke vs. Pepsi.  Apple vs. Microsoft.  Energizer vs. Duracell.  All are great brand rivalries.  Today we look at one of the biggest rivalries in the capital markets space: NYSE vs. Nasdaq.  And ever since the Nasdaq debacle with the Facebook IPO, the rivalry has only intensified. 

Companies going public face lots of decisions including where to list their shares.  Ever since the dot-com craze of the late 1990s, the rivalry between the NYSE and Nasdaq has been fierce.  Each exchange attempts to woo each other’s clients to switch their listing.  In fact, some big names have changed exchanges over the past year.  Texas Instruments and Viacom switched from the NYSE to Nasdaq in 2011.  Earlier this year, TD Ameritrade left Nasdaq for the Big Board, but Nasdaq countered by poaching Kraft.  Nasdaq (with its history of winning the listings of technology companies) and the NYSE have been fighting hand-to-hand in the technology company space with Groupon and Zynga choosing Nasdaq and LinkedIn and Pandora going with the NYSE.  So is one exchange better than the other?  This post will examine some of the most important factors you should consider in making your decision.

Historic Differences.  The NYSE started operating in 1792 while Nasdaq started up in 1971.  The 200 year head start by the NYSE led to a couple of differences initially, but these changes have largely disappeared over the past decade.  Nasdaq has no physical trading floor; it is 100% electronic.  Because the NYSE operated without the assistance of computers for the bulk of its existence, it has a physical trading floor; however, since 2007 virtually all NYSE stock can be traded electronically.  One of the other major differences went away in 2008 when the SEC began allowing Nasdaq-listed companies to have one-, two- or three-letter ticker symbols.  Historically, all Nasdaq-listed companies needed to have a four letter trading symbol.  (Zillow was the first Nasdaq-listed company to take a one-letter trading symbol, “Z.”)  The ticker change followed Nasdaq’s conversion from an interdealer quotation system to a licensed national exchange in 2006, which from an issuer’s perspective, had little to no effect other than to further legitimize the then 35-year old “upstart” Nasdaq.

Branding and Marketing.  The biggest difference between the two exchanges is the public’s perception of the exchanges.  Nasdaq with its upstart image and all electronic trading platform has attracted more technology-based companies, many of which did not qualify to list on the NYSE when they originally went public.  The Big Board, on the o
Continue Reading Where to list: NYSE or Nasdaq?

Compensation committees remain on the hot seat.  Stemming from the Dodd-Frank Act, the SEC has adopted rules directing each national securities exchange to require companies with listed equity securities to comply with new compensation committee and compensation advisor requirements. Among other things, these new rules require national securities exchanges to implement listing standards that require :

  • each member of a listed company’s compensation committee to be an “independent” director;
  • the issuer to consider relevant factors (to be determined by the national securities exchange) including, but not limited to, the source of compensation of a member of the compensation committee member and whether a compensation committee member is “affiliated” with the issuer, subsidiary of the issuer, or an affiliate of the subsidiary;
  • an issuer’s compensation committee to have the authority and responsibility to retain compensation advisers and consider the independence of compensation advisers; and
  • require issuers to include specified disclosure about the use of compensation consultants and any related conflicts of interest in the proxy materials for their annual shareholders’ meetings.

As we noted when these rules were originally proposed, the SEC has not infringed on the traditional rights of states to define corporate law because these new rules do not require an issuer to have a compensation committee.  Rather, the new rules require that the independence rules be applied to committees performing functions typically performed by a compensation committee regardless of the name of the committee (compensation committee, human resource committee, etc.).  Under the final rules, the SEC has broadened the independence requirement to apply also to the members of the listed issuer’s board of directors who, in the absence of a compensation committee, oversee executive compensation matters.

The final definition of “independence” for a compensation committee will largely depend on the final rules of each national
Continue Reading Are your compensation committee members independent?

The SEC has been busy over the past several weeks rapidly issuing interpretations and procedures to implement the JOBS Act.  Because the JOBS Act is such a fundamental change to securities law, especially for middle market companies, we wanted to spend this blog catching you up to speed on how the JOBS Act looks since we issued our Special Summary White Paper.  While longer than our normal blogs, we think this information is useful and best kept in one place. 

Confidential Submission Process

The SEC has implemented a secure e-mail system that allows a registrant that qualifies as an Emerging Growth Company (as defined in the JOBS Act) to confidentially file draft registration statements with the SEC.  Commencing this past Monday, May 14th, the secure e-mail system will replace the procedures announced on April 5, 2012.  Instructions on how to use the secure e-mail system are fairly easy to follow.

The change to allowing confidential submissions is a fairly radical, and welcome, change to companies filing their initial public offering.  Whether the confidential submission process becomes widely used is still up for debate.  While there are large advantages for keeping initial submissions private (keeping information secret from competitors until you decide to go forward with the IPO, shortening the “in registration” period to better time the markets, and avoiding embarrassing registration statement withdrawals), there are also some potential disadvantages.  For example, often companies filing initial registration statements are simultaneously reviewing other strategic options such as selling the company.  Filing the registration statement publicly effectively alerts the markets that your company is “in play.”  In addition, the initial filing of a registration statement usually prompts potential plaintiffs with claims to file their lawsuits, which gives management time to amend the registration statement to disclose the risks of the lawsuit.  By not filing a publicly available registration statement until 21 days before the road show,
Continue Reading JOBS Act update: Keeping current with the SEC’s interpretations